Lkksp cnyks] ftnxh cnys
̕ ̕ O;fDr vius fopkjks dk gh ifj.kke gS tSlk lksprk gS oSlk cu tkrk gS ̕ ̕ &nSfud
tkxj.k
nq[k] fpark] Hk; o ukdke;kch O;fDr ds
vius vkearz.k ij vk,s gSaA os lc gekjh dYiukvks ds Qy gSA Hkxoku
us O;fDr dks bues ls dqN Hkh ugh fn;kA;s flQZ O;fDr dh viuh ekufld :Xurk dk
ifj.kke gSA ;s lc O;fDr dk viuk gh cquk gqvk ek;k tky gS]aa ftles oks [kqn Qal
x;k gSA tSls eDdMh [kqn tky cqurh gS vkSj [kqn gh mles Qaldj ej tkrh gSaA
usxSfVo fFkfdax dSls pSt djas %& ;fn vki vius
thou es uhjlrk ls fudy dj [kq’k jguk pkgrs gk]s rks lcls igys viuh usxSfVo lksp
dks cny nksA tSls ge fiDpj ialan uk vkus ij nqljh lh Mh Mkyrs gSa]
mlh rjg ges vius thou es viuh ftnxh ds n`f"Vhdks.k
cnyus ds fy, fopkj Hkh cny nsus pkfg,aA
ysfdu ;s Hkh lp gS fd fopkjks dks cnyuk
bruh vklku ckr ugh gSA ;s ckj ckj vkdj gekjs lkeus [kMs gks tkrs gSaA blfy,
nz< laDyi ls gh udkjkREkd fopkjks ls NqVdkjk fey ldrk gSA usiksfyu dk dguk
Fkk fd eS vius eu dh mu f[kMdh;ksa dks [kksydj j[krk gwa ftuls Qk;ns ean fopkj
vkrs gSa] vkSj udkjkRed fopkjks okyh f[kMdh dks can dj nsrk gwa A lksus ds le; lkjh f[kM+dh;ks dks can dj pSu ls lksrk gwaAa usxSfVo fFkfdax dh otg ls Mj yxrk gSA vkSj balku
ges’kk xyr fMf’ktu ys ysrk gSA ges [kqn ls loky djus pkfg, fd ge D;k dj ldrs gS
\ D;k djus dh DoyhfcVh gekjs vanj gS A ysfdu ge [kqn ls gh xyr loky djrs gSA ,DVj fo/kk
ckysu dk dguk gS fd lQyrk dh igyh lh<h os loky gS ftUgs vki [kqn ls iqNrs
gSA vxj vkidk loky Bhd gS rks vkidh ftnxh tokc Hkh Bhd nsrh gSA xyr loky gh
vkidks lgh tokc ls ofpr j[krs gSA ,d xkuk lquk gksxk] ftanxh vkSj crk rsjk
bjknk D;k gS \ lkspks rks irk pysxk fd ;s loky gh xyr gS] tc vki [kqn ls loky
gh xyr dj jgs gks] rks vkidks lgh tokc dSls fey ldrs gSaA vki ftanxh ls D;k iqN jgs gks \ fd bldk bjknk
D;k gS \ cfYd [kqn ftanxh dks crkvks dh vkidk bjknk D;k gSA vki [kqn ls iqNks
fd vkidk bjknk D;k gS \ rks vkidk eu gh vkidks lgh tokc ns nsxkA vkSj tks tokc
vkids eu us fn;k gSA ogh tokc vkidh ftanxh nsxhA
vius thou es ldjkRed fopkjks
dks txg nas %&gekjs eu ij
fopkjks dk cgqr xgjk vlj iMrk gSA ge tSlk lksprs gaS] oSls gh curs tkrs gSa A vxj
vki [kqn dks nhu ghu lkspksxs] rks nhu
ghu gh curs tkvksxsA ftl iVjh ij gekjs fopkj pyrs ga]S ge mlh ls nq[kh o lq[kh eglql djrs gSaA lcls cMs nksLr o nq’eu gekjs fopkj gh gksrs gSaA tc ;s usxSfVo os es pyrs gSa rks ;s ges nq[kh djrs gSa] vkSj tc ;s ikWtsfVo os es pyrs gSa rc ;s ges lq[kh djrs gSA vxj vki [kqn dks la{ke le>ksxs rks l{ke cu
tkvksxsA vxj vki [kqn dks fcekj le>ksxs rks
vki ges’kk [kqn dks fcekj gh ikvksxsA vkSj blls vkidh dk;Z{krk ij Hkh
vlj iMsxkA vkSj vxj fcekj Hkh gS] vkSj vki bles usxSfVo ugh gksrs] rks vki viuh
nz< bPNk ls tYnh Bhd gks tkvksxsA MkW byk dqekj
dgrh gS fd ̕
̕̕ usxSfVo
fopkj izdV djuk Hkh ,d rjg dh ekufld fcekjh gS ̕
̕
tks yksx ges’kk viuh fcekjh dh ckrsa djrs gSa] muds vopsru
eu ij ;s cSB tkrh gS fd eS chekj gqaA Lokeh foosdkuan dgrs Fks fd
̕ ̕ fcekjh ds cgkus fcLrj ij iMs+ jgus dh
ctk,a]
ges
vius efLRkd dks vPNs fopkjks
lss
Hkjuk Pkkfg,̕
vks’kks dgrs gS
̕ ̕
ge
fcekj ugh gksrs gekjk eu gksrk gS]gekjs Hkko fcekj gksrs gS̕ ̕
’kkjhfjd v{kerk ds ckjs es ;s u
lksps]a fd vki dksbZ dk;Z djksxas rks vlQy gks tkvksxs%&dbZ ckj
balku ds ’kjhj es dfe;ka vk tkrha gSaA vxj mu dfea;ks dks lgh fn’kk ns nh tk,s
rks ogh deh gekjh rkdr cu tkrh gSA vkSj
yksx ckx gekjk lEeku djus yxrs gSA lEeku lQyrk dk eksgrkt gSA uk fd lQyrk lEeku
dhA vkidks lEeku rHkh feysxk tc vkius dksbZ felky dk;e dh gks ;k vkids vanj
viuh dksbZ vPNkbZ gksA vki Fkkel ,fMlu ds ckjs es tkurs gksxs ftUgksaus fctyh
ds cYc xzkekeksQksu ]oksV fjdkWMZj dSejk
tSls 2000 ls Hkh vf/kd vkfo"dkj fd;s gSA buds thou es ,d ,slh
vugksuh ?kVh Fkh dh ;s cpiu es gh csgjs
gks x;s Fks ysfdu bugksus bl deh dks
dHkh Hkh vius gkSlys ij Hkkjh ugh iMus fn;kA os dgrs Fks fd blls Hkh esjk Qk;nk
gh gSA eS yksxks dh fQtqy dh ckrs lquus ls cp tkrk gw]a tc yksx xi’ki ekjrs gS]a
rks eS viuh fjlpZ ds ckjs es fparu djrk gwaA eryc dh esjk VkbeosLV ugh gksrk
vkSj lgh dke es yxk jgrk gwaA nwljh ckr vDlj yksxks dks ;s vknr gksrh gS] fd os
nqljks dk etkd mMkrs gS]a NhVk d’kh djrs gS]a usxSfVo gh cksyrs gSa vksjks ds
gkSlys iLr dj ] mugs fu:rlkfgr djrs gSaA ysfdu csgjs gksu dh otg ls eS
mugsa ugh lqu ikrkA blfy,] vkRefo’okl o
eukscy ls Hkjk jgrk gwaA
usxSfVo
lksp ds yksxks ls nqj jgs%&usxSfVo lksp okys balku ds thou
es dksbZ y{; ugh gksrk] vkSj uk gh [kqn vkxs c<rs gaS vkSj uk nqljks dks
vkxs c<rs gq, ns[kuk pkgrs gSaA ,sls yksxks ls fjys”ku j[ks tks vkidks
izsj.kk ns ldasA ;s yksx flQZ vkidks fiNs gh /kdsysxasA vkSj vkidk le; ckckZn
djsxasA
tks yksx
vius eu es usxSfVo fopkjks dks txg nsrs gS os ges’kk cgkus ckth o fcekjh tSls
usxSfVo phtks dks gh vVzsDV djrs gSA rhu phts vkids thou es izkCYe dzs;sV djrh gaSA vfr fparu] vfr Le`fr vkSj dYikuk,saA ftanxh es ftruh T;knk leL;l,s vkrh g]aS mruh gh T;knk lQyrk ds pkl gksrs gaSA leL;kvks ds cxSj thou ek;us ugh j[krkA
ftl Hkh dk;Z dks djas mles ikWtsfVo lksp j[ksa] bllsss fjtYV Hkh ikWtsfVo gh feysxk gS %& gkWoWMZ
;wfuoflZVh dk ,d v/;;u crkrk gS fd tc dksbZ balku lQyrk izkIr djrk gS rks mles
85 Qhlnh fgLlsnkjh mlds ldkjkRed utfj;s dh gksrh gSA vPNk utfj;k gh lQyrk dk
lcc curk gSA tc ge dksbZ dk;Z usxSfVo fopkjks ls djrs gS] rks fjtYV Hkh usxSfVo
gh vkrk gSA tc ge fjLrks es Hkh iktsfVo lksp j[k dj fjLrs tksMrs gSa rks mldk vlj
ldkjkRed gksrk gS vkSj tks usxSfVo lksp dh otg ls fjLrks dks flQZ ;qt djus ds
fy, tqMrs gSa rks oks ykbQ es vdsys jg tkrs gaSA tks fjLrs VqV x;s gS] mugs
}ckjk tksM ysa] ;gh lgh oDr gS A vxj vki cqjkbZ ns[kksxs rks lkjh nqfu;k es cqjkbZ
gh utj vk,sxhA deh fudkyus okyks us rks rktegy es Hkh deh fudkyh gSA dgrs gS uk ̕ ̕ utjks es rsjs nks"k gS nqfu;k fugkjrk lerk dk lqjek Mky yks cl gks x;k Hktu]
vknr cqjh lq/kkj yks cl gks x;k Hktu̕
̕
ldkjkRed vkSj udkjkREkd ÅtkZ dk QdZ le> yks rks vki dh
usxSfVo lksp cny tk,sxhA balku viuh lksp ds vuqlkj gh vius thou dh O;k[;k djrk
gS vkSj mlh ds vuq:Ik dk;Z djrk gS vkSj mlh ds vuqlkj fQj mldk Qy Hkksxrk gSA
vkSj ;s lp Hkh gS fd tc rd ge viuk n`f"Vhdks.k ldkjkRed ugh j[ksxsa rc rd ge lgh fn’kk es iz;kl ugh
dj ldsxasA
vius vanj usxSfVo dpjk uk Hkjaas] mls
fudky Qsdsa%&vxj vkius vius vanj usxSfVofoVh dk dpjk Hkj j[kk
gS] rks vki ,d ,sls fcdVsjh;k cu tkvksxs] tgka tkvksxs ogk usxSfVofoVh gh
QSykvksxsA vkidks dksbZ ilan ugh djsxk ,sls yksxks ls lc
cprs gaS] tks usxSfVfoVh QSykrs gkasA blfy, tks ckr vki dks ?kko nsrh gks] mls
ogh [kRe dj nasA ge [kqn dks jksd ldrs gSa] vkSjks dks ugh blfy, [kqn dks cny
ns]a vkSj tks ckr vki dks Vs’ku nsrh gS] mls ckjk&2 jhihV uk djsaA
y{; cuk,as] y{; gekjh lksp dks
izHkkfor djrk gS %& fdlh Hkh fQYM es dke;kc gksus ds fy, y{; gksuk t:jh gS rHkh vki vkxs c< ldrs gksA vxj vkius y{; ugh cuk;k gS rks viuk y{; t:j cuk,saA vkSj mugs NksVs &2 iMkoks es iqjk djsaA blls vkidk y{; vklku gks tk,sxkA tc vkids ikl
dksbZ y{; gksxk rks vki fdlh Hkh pht ij /;ku ugh ns ikvksxsA vkSj ;fn vkids ikl
fo’okl lgkl vkSj ladfYir eu gS rks nqfu;k dh dksbZ Hkh rkdr vkidks vius iFk ls
fopfyr ugh dj ldrhA
oSapkfjd
Hkoj es Qaldj [kMs uk jgsa %&ldkjkRed lksp ls fodkl gksrk gS]
vkSj udkjkRed lksp dh otg ls :dkoV [kMh gks tkrh gaSA dbZ ckj balku lgh xyr ds Hkoj es ,slk Qlrk gS] fd mls irk gh ugh pyrk fd D;k lgh gS vkSj D;k xyr gSA eu gh lksp dk dsanz gksrk
gS D;ksfd eu ds ikl gh fopkjks dk lxzg gksrk gS A fnekx ;fn fdlh xgjh lksp es
Mqcrk gS rks ’kjhj LoLFk ugh jg ldrk A
vius fopkjks ij /;ku nsa %&gekjs fopkj
gh ges Js"Brk dh ÅWpkbZ ij igqapk nsrs gaS vkSj fopkj gh iru dh
dh [kkbZ es <dsy nsrs gSA feyVu ds ’kCnks es dgs rks gekjs fopkj gh iy
Hkj es LoxZ dks udZ cuk nsrs gSa] vkSj fopkj gh udZ dks LoxZ es cny ldrss gSaA fopkj udkjkREd dk
lax ys rks gekjs fy, ?kkRkd cu tkrs gaSA vkSj ogh fopkj ldkjkREkdrk dk lkFk ys arks gekjs fy, vR;aUr ykHkdkjh fl) gks ldrs gSaA
eu es mBrs fopkj fn[kkbZ ugh nsrs
%&fdarq buds izHkko dks ns[k ldrs gSaA oSKkfud n`f"Vh ls
le>s rks Hkh tc gekjs efLsr"d es dksbZ
fopkj tUe ysrk gS ]rks efLr"d dh ulksa es ,d Lianu iSnk gksrh gSA ;g Lianu gekjs vanj gksus okyh HkkSfrd vkSj jlk;fud izfdz;kvks dks vatke
nsrk gSA lkFk gh lkFk bu fopkjks ls gekjs lEiw.kZ ’kjhj dh dksf’kdk,a Hkh
izHkkfor gksrh gSA ;fn fopkj ldkjkREkd gks rks ;s dksf’kdk,a iks"kd rjaxks dk
vuqHko djrh gSa]o l’kDr cukrh gaSA ysfdu vxj fopkj udkjkREd gS rks dksf’kdkvks
dks cgqr gkfu igqapkrh gSA blfy, ldkjkREkd fopkjks dk p;u djuk
vfuokZ; gks tkrk gSA oSls Hkh udkjkREkd fopkj cgqr gh xgjkbZ ls gekjs vanj cSB
tkrs gaSA

̕
̕rqe
lksprs gks fd nwljs rqEgs nq[kh dj jgs gS] rks fQj rqe lq[kh dSls jg ldrs gks \
D;ksfd nqljks dks cnyuk rqEgkjs gkFk es ugh gSA rqEgkjs gkFk es rks dsoy Lo;a
dks cnyuk gSA njvly ]tks ihMk rqe Hkksx jgs gks] og rqEgkjs gh fu.kZ; dk Qy gS̕
̕ &vks’kks
lksp ldkjkRed j[ks %&vDlj ge nqljks es dfe;ka [kkstrs jgrs gS] vkSj mugs cnyus dh dksf’k’k djrs gaSA dfe;ka ns[kdj mugs MkVus ls ge fdlh dks ugh cny ldrs A ge flQZ I;kj ls gh fdlh dks cny ldrs gSaA pkgs vkids lkFk dksbZ dSlk Hkh O;ogkj D;ks uk djsa] ijrq vki lcls izse djasA D;ksfd tks rqe ftldks nsrs gks oks gh yksV dj vkidks feyrk gSA pkgs fdlh us fdruk gh xyr D;q uk cksyk gks] vxj vki ldkjkRed lkspksxs] rks vki xyr fparu ugh djksxsA vki muds ’kCnks ij /;ku ugh nksxsA vkSj uk gh udkjkRed Qzasdoslh HkstksxsA tSlh vkidh Qzsdoslh tkrh gS oSlh gh ykSV dj vkrh gSA blfy, ’kqHk dkeuk,s Hkstks vkSj ’kHkq dkeuk, viuh rjQ vkfdZf’kr djksA
lksp ldkjkRed j[ks %&vDlj ge nqljks es dfe;ka [kkstrs jgrs gS] vkSj mugs cnyus dh dksf’k’k djrs gaSA dfe;ka ns[kdj mugs MkVus ls ge fdlh dks ugh cny ldrs A ge flQZ I;kj ls gh fdlh dks cny ldrs gSaA pkgs vkids lkFk dksbZ dSlk Hkh O;ogkj D;ks uk djsa] ijrq vki lcls izse djasA D;ksfd tks rqe ftldks nsrs gks oks gh yksV dj vkidks feyrk gSA pkgs fdlh us fdruk gh xyr D;q uk cksyk gks] vxj vki ldkjkRed lkspksxs] rks vki xyr fparu ugh djksxsA vki muds ’kCnks ij /;ku ugh nksxsA vkSj uk gh udkjkRed Qzasdoslh HkstksxsA tSlh vkidh Qzsdoslh tkrh gS oSlh gh ykSV dj vkrh gSA blfy, ’kqHk dkeuk,s Hkstks vkSj ’kHkq dkeuk, viuh rjQ vkfdZf’kr djksA