asflta se kyu drte ho

                                               vlQykr ls Mjrs D;ks gks \ 

 1782 ds fnlacj ds eghus es lnZ ’kqCkg Fkh AQzkl es jgus okys nks HkkbZ A  tkslsQ vkSj ,fVuekaVxksfYQj vyko ds ikl vkx ri jgs FksA Åij dh vksj mBrk /kqok ns[kdj tkslsQ ds fny  es [;ky vk;k fd xeZ gok gesa’kk Åij dh vkSj mBrh gS] rks D;k ge bl dk bLrseky djds dqN ,slh pht ugh cuk ldrsA ftl es cSB dj balku mM+ lds \ vkSj bl fopkj ds vkus ij nksuks Hkkb;ksa us nqfu;k dk igyk ^ gkWVs ,;j cSywu* cuk Mkyk vkSj blds yxHkx X;kgj eghuksa ckn  21 uoacj 1783 muds gkWV ,;j cSywu us isfjl es nks balkuksa thu QzSdksbl vkSj QZSdksbZl ykWjsV dks ysdj igyh mMku HkjhA

vfo"dkj es igys  igy dksbZ Hkh rS;kj ugh Fkk A yksxks dks ;s dqN T;knk ,Mosapjl yx jgk Fkk rHkh rks tkslsQ vkSj ,fV,u us bles igyh ;krzk ,d cRk[k ,d eqxsZ vkSj ,d HksM+ dks djkbZ FkhA

vlQy gksuk Hkh t:jh gS%&vlQyrk ls gh thrus dk jkLrk [kqyrk gSA gkj dk dM+ok jl ihus ds ckn ge xyfr;ksa dks nksgjkus ls cprs gSaA vkSj blds ckn ges lQy gksus dk volj feyrk gSA vkSj tc ml volj dks ge idM+ ysrs gaS rks fQj lQy gks tkrs gSaA ekuo thou cgqr gh [kqclqjr gS bls O;FkZ uk xok,aA vlQy ;k vleZFk  rks oks yksx gksrs gSA tks gkjus dh fpark es viuk le; xokrs gSA vkt es th,a vkSj [kq’k jgsA tc vki [kq’k jgksxs rks pkjks rjQ [kq’kh QsysxhA vki vdsys ugh gS bl nqfu;k es vkSj Hkh cgqr yksx vkils tqMs gSA blfy, vkidks dksbZ gd ugh gS fd vki [kqn nq[kh gksdj vkSjks dh ftanxh es dkVs cks,a A                                     

ftl O;fDr ds vanj ftthfo"kk gksrh gS os dHkh fujk’k ugh gksrs %&dbZ ckj ftanxh es fujk’kk vk ?ksjrh gSA ysfdu ftl ds vanj ftthfo"kk jgrh gS og vius vkidks fdlh u fdlh dke es bruk >ksd nsrk gS fd fQj mlds ikl f’kdok f’kdk;r ds fy, le; gh ugh jgrkA thou es mis{kk j[kus dh ctk, eu dk dke dja]s blls uk nnZ gksxk uk xeA tc ge fdlh ds fy, dksbZ dk;Z djrs gSa rks mlls Hkh mis{kk,as j[kus yxrs gSA ftl dh otg ls ges nnZ lguk iM+rkA blfy, tks Hkh djs mlds cnys mis{kk uk j[kasA flQZ izekFkZ ds fy,s gh dk;Z djsa A blls vkidks nq[k ugh gksxkA T;knkrj vkius lquk gksxk fd geus blds fy, bruk fd;k blus ges /kkS[kk fn;kA tc vki fdlh ls mis{kk ugh djksxs rks vkidks dksbZ /kkS[kk Hkh ugh nsxkA tks yksxk mis{kk ugh djrs os yksx /kkS[kk Hkh ugh [kkrsA  ges’kk vuq’kkflr o la;fer thou ft,saA

 vius thou lkxj dk eFku djsa] tks eaFku ugh djrs] os gh vius thou dh dfBukbZ ls ?kcjkdj thou dks nks"k nsrs gaS %&tc dqvk [kkssnrs gS rks igys dDM iFkj vkSj fdpM gh fudyrk gSAvkSj ckn es vkds igys xnyk ikuh vkSj fQj lkQ ikuh fuddyrk gSA ,sls gh ykbQ es dksbZ Hkh dk;Z djks igys ijs’kkuh fnDr vkykspuk o vlQyrk gh gkFk yxrh gS lQyrk rks ykLV es gkFk vkrh gSA blfy, ges’kk ’kkar fpr o islSal j[kdj dk;Z djasA tc Hkh ykbQ es dksbZ ijs’kkuh vk,s rks ges’kk ldkjkRed mtkZ cuk,s j[kasA    

 

ftanxh gkjus okys dks ,d ekSdk ges’kk nsrh gS fd og thr lds%&dbZ ckj balku dks ,d ckj es lQyrk ugh feyrh A vkSj og balku gkj eku tkrk gSA tc fd ,slk ugh gS fd ,d ckj gkj us okyk balku }ckjk ugh thr ldrk A dbZ yksx ,sls gq, gaS tks ftnxh es igyh ckj cgqr gh cqjh rjg ls gkjs gSa vkSj vkxs py dj cgqr dke;kc gq, gSA gkj dk eryc ekyqe gksuk pkfg,A vxj vkidks gkj dk eryc irk gS rks thr ldrs gksA nqfu;k es nks rjg ds yksx crk;s tkrs gS ,d yqtj vkSj nqljk foujA yqtj balku ,d ckj gkjrs gh vkmV gks tkrs gaS vkSj fouj tc rd rd yxs jgrs gaS] rc rd mugs lQyrk uk fey tk,aA blfy, [kqn ls iqNks dh vki dkSu gS fouj ;k yqtjA

vLQyrk ls uk ?kcjk, foQyrk,a gels deh nwj djus dks dgrh gSa %&  gEk dksbZ u;k dk;Z “kq: djrs gSa rks “kq:vkr es Mj yxrk gSa fd dgh ge foQy uk gks tk,saaA dgh ge vkxs uk  c<+ ik,as \ ysfdu le>nkj O;fDr tkurk gS fd gj leL;k dk lek/kku gSaaa] vkSj ges lek/kku <qMuk gSA vkSj og ;s Hkh tkurk gS fd leL;k dks nks’k nsus dh ctk,a xgu vkRecks/k dh t:jr gSA ges viuh dfe;ksa dks lq/kkjus dh t:jr gSA lQyrk dk jkLrk vlQyrk ls gksdj xqtjrk gSA lQyrk eafty gS] rks vlQyrk ml efty dk jkLrk gS] tks vkidks lQyrk rd igqapkrk gSA okLro es rks lQyrk o vlQyrk nks vyx &2 vuqHko gSA vlQy gksus ij bls lgtrk ls ysuk pkfg, vkSj  lQy gksus ds fy, iz;kl tkjh j[kuk pkfg,A Fkkel vYok ,fMlu us lcls T;knk vfo"dkj”fd;s gS ysfdu oks cPkiu es viuh Dykl es dHkh Hkh vPNs ekDlZ ugh yk ik,s FksA mugs Vhpj Hkh ;s dgrs Fks fd rqe ykbQ es dqN  Hkh ugh lh[k ldrsA ,sls cgqr yksxks ds mnkgj.k fey tk,sxs tks vlQy gksdj Hkh yxkrkj iz;kl djrs jgsA vkSj mugs dke;kch feyh A iSjkMkbt ykWLVA ;g egkdkO; fy[kdj tkWu feYVu vxzsth lkfgR; ds vk/kkj LrHk cu x,A feYVu dh vk[kks dh jks’kuh pyh tkus ij os viuh csfV;ksa dks tkxj.k dky vkSj /kkfeZd lq/kkjks ij vk/kkfjr dfork,a jp dj lquk;k djrs FksA ckn es ;s dfork,a ladfyr gksdj egkdkO; ds :Ik es lkeus vkbZA vxj os viuh ’kkjhfjd v{kerkvks vkSj vlQyrkvks ls ?kcjkdj NksM nsrs rks vkt ge mudh egkure d`fr ls oafpr jg tkrsA

nqljks dh ctk,a [kqn dks ns[kas %&dbZ ckj gekjs jkLrs es dbZ jksMs vkrs gSaA vkSj mUgs ikj djrs djrs ge ihNs jg tkrs gSaA gekjs lkFkh o fjysVho vkxs fudy tkrs gSaA ml oDr gekjk fo’okl Mxexkus yxrk gS vkSj ge fujk’k gks tkrs gSaA ml oDr vkidks cgqr gh /kS;Z vkSj [kqn dk fuj{k.k djus dh t:jr gksrh gSA fd vki dgka xyrh dj jgs gks \ vkidh dSisflVh D;k gS \ vkidh  ifjfLFkrh;ka dSlh gS \ vki [kqn dks viMsV djsaA o [kqn dks le; ds lkFk <kys bu lc ckrks dks /;ku es j[kdj [kqn ij Hkjkslk djds vkxs c<as+A fQj vki oks lc gkfly dj ik,sxs tks vki pkgrs gksA

vkids jkLrs es fdruh gh dfBukbZ;ka vk, fdrus gh vojks/k jksdas iajrq vki fiNs uk gVsa%&ekuo O;fDro gh dqN ,slk gS fd tc rd mls ijs”kkfu;ka u ?ksjs] rc rd mldh {kerk fu[kj dj cgkj ugh vkrhA tSls vfXu es iM+dj lksuk fu[kjrk gS]panu f?klus ij [kq”kcq nsrk gS mlh rjg vkRe fuj{k.k ls izfrHkk fu[kjrh gSA bl fy, foijhr ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls uk ?kcjk,saA
  

                      ̕ ̕ bZ”oj tks dqN djrk gS vPNk gh djrk                                                         ekuo rq ifjoZru ls dkgs dks Mjrk gS̕ ̕

            ̕    ̕ ftanxh ls c<dj dksbZ beRgku ugh gS**

                               &Lokeh fososdkuan

Ekukscy dks detksj uk iMUks nas %&  “kkfjjhd vkSj ekufld cy Tkc nksuks yxrs gS rHkh fdlh dk;Z es lQyrk feyrh gaSA vxj “kkjhfjd cy detksj Hkh IkMa tk,s] vkSj ekufld cy etcqr gS] rc Hkh balku thr ldrk gSA fdrus gh m/kkju gS fd balku detksj gksrs gq, Hkh ekufld cy cqrs lQy gqvkA eu ls fopkj iSnk gksrk gS vkSj fopkj ls deZ curk gSA tSls balku ds deZ gksrs gS] oSlk gh mldk pfjrz cu tkrk gSaA blfy, lcls igys vius fopkjks ij /;ku nksA D;ksfd vkids fopkj gh vkidk thou cuk,sxasA tks balku vius eu es thrrk gS og gdhdr es thr tkrk gSA blfy, vius fopkjks dks dHkh detksj u iMus nsaA izkphu dky es lar vius eukscy ds }kjk varfj{k dh ;krzk djrs FksA eufld cy dks ge cka/k ugh ldrsA

[kqn ij fo”okl djsa] vRefo”okl gh ,slk pIiw gS]tks Hkoj es Qalh uko dks vius iz;Ru o dkS”ky ds vuqHko ls fdukjs rd ys tk ldrk gS %&  bfrgkl crkrk gS fd tc &2 vU;k; ds f[kyki egkiq:’kks us mu foIkfRr;ks ij fot; ikus dk vkRefo”okl txk;k] rc rc lQyrk dks muds dne pqeus gh iMs+A tks yksx ckj&2 fo?u vkus ij Hkh dk;Z djuk ugh NksM+rs vkSj vius vkRefo”okl ij nz< jgrs gSa os vius thou es vo”; lQy gksrs gSaA fo”okl djuk gh dkQh ugh jgrk cfYd mlds fy, yMuk Hkh iMrk gSA tks yksx vius fo”okl ds fy, yMrs gaS] os vkRefo”oklh gh dfBu ls dfBu dk;Z dks vtke nsrs gaSA os [kqn ij Hkjkslk djrs gSaA os tkurs gaS fd lQyrk dk jkLrk vlQyrk ds chp ls gksdj fudyrk gSA gkj dj Hkh thr dk iape ygjk;k tk ldrk gSA

 vki vius Lokeh [kqn gS vki vius thou dks tSlk pkgks cuk ldrs gks%&vxj vkids vanj nz< bPNk] ,dkxzrk vkSj lPph yxu gks rks vki dks viuk y{; ikus es dksbZ leL;k ugh vk,sxhA ;qf/k"Bj us tc firkeg ls lQyrk dk jgL; iwNk rks mUgksaus dgk Fkk dh dHkh Hkh vlQyrkvks ls vius dks viekfur us le>sA y{; dks vius utnhd le>s vkSj mls ikus ds fy, lrr iz;kl djsA

 vius O;ogkj es yphykiu j[ks %&fey tqy dj vius ftEesnkjh fuHkkus dh [kq’kh vyx gh gksrh gS A ijrq dbZ ckj ifjfLFkfr ;k ,slh lkeus vk tkrh gS A ftuls cpus dk dksbZ jkLrk utj ugh vkrk ,sls es D;k djs \ igys ifjfLFkfr dks cnyus dh dksf’k’k djs \ nqljs lkeus okys balku dks cnyus dh dksf’k’k djs \ rhljs [kqn dks ifjfLFkfr ds vuqlkj [kqn dks cnys \ ns[kks igyh nks ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks cnyuk eqf’dy gS vPNk gS fd ge [kqn dks gh cny ya]s [kqn cnyk lalkj cnykA vxj vki thou es dke;kch pkgrs gks rks O;Ogkj dq’ky cuasA dMd LoHkko dbZ ckj gekjh rjDdh es :dkoV cu dj [kMk gks tkrk gSA vius fny fnekx dh f[kM+fd;ks dks [kksydj pys blls vkidks cgqr dqN lh[kus ds fy, feysxkA tks vkidks dke;kch dh rjQ ysdj tk,sxkA vkSj ;s rHkh leHo gS tc vki viuk ,VhV;qM dks yphyk j[ksxsA

le; ds vuqlkj [kqn dks cnys %&vkt vki ;s ugh dg ldrs dh vki ;s ugh dj ldrs ;k ;s vkids cl es ugh gSA ;k ;s vkils ugh gksxkA gj oDr balku dks cnyuk gh iM+rk gS A vki dksbZ Hkh u;k dke ysrs ;k djrs gq, uk ?kckj,s viuh {kerkvks ij Hkjkslk djsa o vkRe fo’okl ls ml dk;Z es tqV tk,as A vxj vkidks og dk;Z ugh Hkh vkrk rks Hkh vki mls lh[k ldrs gaSA mldh lkjh tkudkjh gkfly dj ldrs gSaA vkSj mlls vki viMsV jg ldrs gaSA vxj vki thou es dqN djuk pkgrs gSa rks nqfu;k dh dksbZ rkdr ugh gS tks vkidks jksd ldsA ekuuk fd vki [kq’k jguk pkgrs gksA rks chrh ckrks dk fparu u djds orZeku ds  lqvolj dk Qk;nk mBk,sxsA blls vkidh [kq’kh Hkh c<sxh vkSj vkxs Hkfo"; es vkus okyh pqukSfr;ka Lohdkj djus dh {kerk Hkh c<sxhA                                              

             ̕  ̕  [kq”k O;fDr lek/kkuh gksxk];s xkjVh ugh gS               

                   ysfdu lek/kkuh O;fDr t:j [kq”k jgrk gS̕ ̕                                                                                     &czgkzkdqekjh  

fdzfVlkbt(vkykspuk) ls u ?kcjk,s %&tc Hkh vki dksbZ u;k dk;Z gkFk es ysrs gks rks vkykspuk gksuk rks t:jh gSA vkt rd dksbZ dke ;k dksbZ balku ,slk ugh gS ftldh dHkh  vkykspuk uk gqbZ gks ftruk balku dke;kc gksrk gS ;k ftruh ftldh iz’kalk gksrh gS mruh gh ml balku dh vkykspuk gksrh gSA vkids dk;ZLFky es vkidk dksbZ lgdehZ vkids fdlh dk;Z ds lanHkZ es vkykspuk djrk gS rks vki ml ij xqLlk u djsa o mls lq>ko ds :Ik es ys vkSj ckn es viuh ckr j[ksaA vkSj u gh viuh lQkbZ iS’k djs A D;ksfd                                                                                             ̕ ̕ ftls rqe ij ;dhu gS mls t:jr ugh                                                  vkSj ftls rqe ij ;dhu ugh oks ekusxk ugh̕ ̕